| site: | Limits results to a specific website or domain. | site:example.com | Find all publicly accessible pages on example.com. |
| inurl: | Finds pages with a specific term in the URL. | inurl:login | Search for login pages on any website. |
| filetype: | Searches for files of a particular type. | filetype:pdf | Find downloadable PDF documents. |
| intitle: | Finds pages with a specific term in the title. | intitle:“confidential report” | Look for documents titled “confidential report”. |
| intext: / inbody: | Searches for a term within the body text of pages. | intext:“password reset” | Identify webpages containing the term “password reset”. |
| cache: | Displays the cached version of a webpage. | cache:example.com | View the cached version of example.com. |
| link: | Finds pages that link to a specific webpage. | link:example.com | Identify websites linking to example.com. |
| related: | Finds websites related to a specific webpage. | related:example.com | Discover websites similar to example.com. |
| info: | Provides info about a webpage. | info:example.com | Get basic details about example.com. |
| define: | Provides definitions of a word or phrase. | define:phishing | Get a definition of “phishing”. |
| numrange: | Searches for numbers within a range. | site:example.com numrange:1000-2000 | Find pages containing numbers between 1000 and 2000. |
| allintext: | Finds pages with all terms in the body text. | allintext:admin password reset | Search for pages with both “admin” and “password reset”. |
| allinurl: | Finds pages with all terms in the URL. | allinurl:admin panel | Look for pages with “admin” and “panel” in the URL. |
| allintitle: | Finds pages with all terms in the title. | allintitle:confidential report 2023 | Search for titles with “confidential,” “report,” and “2023”. |
| AND | Requires all terms to be present. | site:example.com AND (inurl:admin OR inurl:login) | Find admin or login pages on example.com. |
| OR | Includes pages with any of the terms. | “linux” OR “ubuntu” OR “debian” | Search for pages mentioning Linux, Ubuntu, or Debian. |
| NOT | Excludes pages with the term. | site:bank.com NOT inurl:login | Find pages on bank.com excluding login pages. |
| * (wildcard) | Represents any character or word. | site:social.com filetype:pdf user* manual | Search for user guides like “user manual”, “user handbook”, etc. |
| .. (range) | Numerical range filter. | site:ecommerce.com “price” 100..500 | Find products priced between 100 and 500. |
| " " | Exact phrase match. | “information security policy” | Find documents with that exact phrase. |
| - (minus) | Exclude specific terms. | site:news.com -inurl:sports | Search news.com but exclude sports pages. |